NAM (NON ALIGNMENT MOVEMENT)

Established – 1961 at …Belgrade.
Founders -Were… Col. Nasir of Egypt ,Marshal Teto of Yugoslavia & Pandit Nehru of India.

Coordinating Bureau -New York .

Objectives

To help the world coming out from the military groupings going on that time e.g. NATO(1949) & WARSA.(1955-1991)
To promote development of member nations.
To promote peace & disarmament.
To promote sustainable & environmentally sound development.
To promote freedom equality, social justice & well – being of all.

Members:-

It has 120 Members(Azerbaijan* and Fiji became its latest members) e.g. India, Egypt, Yugoslavia, Pakistan, Uganda etc. Country Newis has become it’s118^th member.

Observers:-

Total 17 observer countries ..Brazil, China, Mexico etc.

Guest Nations:-

U.K., U.S.A., Canada.

Meeting:-

The meeting of head of states of NAM are held every ..3^rd year.

The 18th Summit - Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku 2019.

Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro officially handed the presidency of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) to Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev, during the inaugural ceremony of Leaders' Meetin

In 2019 Colombia and Peru suspended their participation in the Movement under the presidency of Venezuela because their governments did not recognize the legitimacy of Nicolás Maduro's regime.

Azerbaijan will hold the NAM presidency for 4 years until the 19th summit in 2024.

-19^th summit-

It was held in January 2024 in Kampala, Uganda. Out of 120 member states around 90 participated in the summit including 30 heads of state.

The event was marked by strong criticism of Israel's actions during the Israel–Hamas war by many participating delegations.

Criticism

It is the second largest democratic organization after U.N.O. but apart from verbal dual , political chatting & gossiping the group could not take creative decisions.
Although its name is ……non alignment but there are alignment within the movement.
If there is no ..grouping at the international level then what is the need of non-alignment?

According to critiques it can be given euthanasia.

Emerging Global Order

NAM has to adapt to emerging challenges and geopolitics such as:

-Bi-polarity –

The world has again moved towards bi-polarity, one led by the US and the other by China and Russia.

-String of pearls-

The escalating tension in the Indo-Pacific region is due to China’s assertion and the US acting as a counterweight to check the Chinese expansionist policy.

-Migration –

The large-scale migration in Europe and Asia is due to the unstable regimes and ethnic conflict in different parts of the world.

-Global climate change -

The issue of global climate change and the occurrence of catastrophic disasters is raising demand to form a global consensus to deal with it.

-Anti-Terrorism /Nuclear-free world-

In Favor

It is the world’s second-biggest organization after the U.N.O. Since UNO is no longer democratic hence its importance has even increased.
It is very handy for North–South cooperation, and South-South dialogues.
Although the world is not bipolar now it has become unipolar. Which is even more challenging hence, its relevance is even increased.

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